The word derives from the Latin praeteritum (the perfective participle of praetereo), meaning "passed by" or "past." Preterite may be denoted by the glossing abbreviation PRET or PRT. In Latin, the perfect tense most commonly functions as the preterite, and refers to an action completed in the past. If the past action was not completed, one would use the imperfect. The perfect in Latin also functions in other circumstances as a present perfect.ĭūxī can be translated as (preterite) "I led", "I did lead", or (in the present perfect) "I have led."Ī pronoun subject is often omitted, and usually used for emphasis. In French, the preterite is known as le passé simple (the simple past).
It is a past tense that indicates an action taken once in the past that was completed at some point in the past (translated: "ed"). This is as opposed to the imperfect ( l'imparfait), used in expressing repeated, continual, or habitual past actions (often corresponding to English's past continuous was/were ing or habitual used to ). In the spoken language, the compound tense known as le passé composé ("the compound past") began to compete with it from the 12th century onwards, and has since replaced it almost entirely.
French simple past is mostly used in a narrative way to tell stories and describe successive actions. Novelists use it commonly: it brings more suspense, as the sentence can be short without any temporal reference needed. includes tenir, venir ( je vins, tu vins.also être ( je fus…) and avoir ( j'eus).In oral language, the simple past is rarely used except while telling a story therefore, it would be atypical to hear it in a standard discussion. In Romanian, the preterite is known as perfectul simplu (literally, the simple past or simple perfect). The preterite indicates a past accomplished action (translated: "verbed") however, this tense is not frequent in the official language and not frequent in the standard speech (not used in Republic of Moldova and not used in the Romanian regions of Transylvania, Muntenia and Moldova). The general tendency is to use the compound past ( perfectul compus) to express a past action that is perceived as completed at the moment of speaking. The forms of the simple perfect are made of an unstressed stem of the infinitive, a stressed suffix that is different in each group of verbs, and the endings -i, -și, -∅, -răm, -răți, -ră, which are the same for all the verbs: Gata, citirăți? Are you done, have you read ?.The second person is often used in questions about finishing an action in progress that is supposed to be over, giving the question a more informal tone: When used in everyday speech in standard Romanian, the preterite is used with the value of recent past, a recently completed action: Usage of the preterite is very frequent in written narrative discourse, the simple past of the speech verbs being generally after a dialogue line in narration: Simple past is still actively used in current speech in the southwestern part of Romania, especially in Oltenia, but also in Banat, Crișana and Maramureș, mostly in rural areas. In Italian, the preterite is called passato remoto (literally "remote past"). It is a past tense that indicates an action taken once and completed far in the past ( mangiai, "I ate").
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